The European Union (EU) has set ambitious climate policies to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. Among the available technological solutions, Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) plays a crucial role in mitigating industrial emissions that are hard to eliminate through conventional decarbonisation methods.

However, the deployment of CCUS technologies faces significant financial, regulatory and logistical challenges, raising questions about their viability and scalability. One of the main barriers to widespread adoption of CCUS is cost. Current estimates suggest that achieving the industry target of 100 dollars per tonne of CO₂ captured remains difficult due to high infrastructure and operational expenses.

Moreover, the success of CCUS depends on close cooperation between governments and industry, as demonstrated by international case studies. Another key factor is the EU's leadership in promoting carbon pricing mechanisms and regulatory frameworks, such as Directive 2009/31/EC on the geological storage of CO₂.